What is Pregestational Diabetes?

Pregestational diabetes refers to diabetes that is present in a woman before she becomes pregnant. It is also known as "type 1" or "type 2" diabetes, depending on the underlying cause of the disease. Women with pregestational diabetes have an increased risk of complications during pregnancy, such as macrosomia (a large baby), preterm birth, and congenital anomalies. It is important for women with pregestational diabetes to closely manage their blood sugar levels before and during pregnancy to minimise these risks.

Symptoms of Pregestational Diabetes

The symptoms of pregestational diabetes can be similar to those of type 1 or type 2 diabetes, as they are the same conditions. Some common symptoms include:

• Increased thirst and urination
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Slow wound healing
• Numbness or tingling in the hands or feet
• Unexpected weight loss

However, it is important to note that some women with pregestational diabetes may not have any symptoms at all. That's why women need to get regular check-ups and screenings, especially if they have any risk factors for diabetes, such as obesity or a family history of the disease. If pregestational diabetes is not diagnosed and treated, it can lead to serious complications for both the mother and the baby.

What causes Pregestational Diabetes?

There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. Pregestational diabetes refers to diabetes that is present in a woman before she becomes pregnant and it can be caused by both type 1 and type 2 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder in which the body's immune system attacks and destroys the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. This results in a deficiency of insulin, which is necessary for the body to use glucose for energy.

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder in which the body becomes resistant to the effects of insulin and/or the pancreas is unable to produce enough insulin to meet the body's needs.

Other causes of pregestational diabetes include:

• Genetics: a family history of diabetes increases the risk of developing the disease
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Pancreatectomy
• Certain medications
• Some genetic syndromes
• Certain infections

When should I see a doctor?

If you have been diagnosed with pregestational diabetes, do not hesitate to see a doctor regularly to manage your condition and minimise the risk of complications. At least once a year, you should have a comprehensive diabetes evaluation, which may include:

• A physical exam
• A review of your blood sugar levels and blood pressure
• A review of your medications and any changes in your diabetes management plan
• A review of any complications or symptoms you may be experiencing
• A review of your diet and exercise plan
• A review of your foot health

It's also important to see your doctor if you notice any changes or new symptoms, such as unexpected weight loss, increased thirst and urination, fatigue, blurred vision, slow wound healing, or tingling or numbness in the hands or feet. Regular check-ups and screenings are important for women with pregestational diabetes to monitor and manage their condition and to minimise the risk of complications.

Remedies/ Treatment

Treatment for pregestational diabetes typically involves a combination of lifestyle changes, medications, and regular monitoring of blood sugar levels. The goal of treatment is to keep blood sugar levels as close to normal as possible to minimise the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby. The following are some common remedies for managing pregestational diabetes:

• Diet and Nutrition: Eating a healthy diet that is low in saturated fat and sugar, and high in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is important for managing blood sugar levels. 
• Physical Activity: Regular physical activity can help lower blood sugar levels and improve overall health. Aim for at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise, such as brisk walking or cycling, most days of the week.
• Blood sugar monitoring: Monitoring your blood sugar levels regularly at home will help you keep track of how well your diabetes is being controlled. 
• Foot care: People with diabetes are at a higher risk of foot problems, such as nerve damage and poor circulation. Regular foot exams and good foot care can help prevent these problems.
• Quit smoking: Smoking can increase your risk of developing diabetes complications, so quitting is important for your overall health.

It's important to work closely with your doctor and healthcare team to create an individualised treatment plan that works for you. Regular check-ups and screenings are important for women with pregestational diabetes to monitor and manage their condition and to minimise the risk of complications.

Request an appointment at Apollo Cradle, Hyderabad - Kondapur. Call 1860-500-1066 to book an appointment.